Old Testament
Genesis Background













Genesis Background
The Beginnings

A   B A C K G R O U N D   S T U D Y
O F   G E N E S I S



I.
AUTHORSHIP.

A.
ACCEPTED AUTHOR.
 
 
1.
Moses. (Agreed on by most scholars.)
 
 
2.
The first of the 5 Books that make up Torah, commonly ascribed to Moses, universally accepted by all Jews. (Josephus, a first century Jewish historian, attributes it to Moses. See his: Preface to Antiquities..., Sect. 4 and Book I, Chapter 1, Sect.2.)
 
B.
INTENDED RECIPIENTS
 
 
1.
In specific, the Hebrew people.
 
 
2.
In general, all peoples.
 
C.
DATE WRITTEN
 
 
1.
Writings & schools existed in Abram's day. Abram himself was well schooled in astronomy & science. Many pre-Biblical writings are documented (Hammurubi code, etc.). See the many archeological finds in Mesopotamia and others which are debunking critical attacks on its historicity.
 
 
2.
Therefore, if Moses is accepted as the author, documents could have existed for Moses' compilation while in Midian or during the Exodus. Or he could have received direct dictation from God Himself on Sinai during his 40 day communions as Spurgeon suggests (Sermon #1,487).
 
D.
PURPOSE WRITTEN.
 
 
1.
For a written record from oral tradition as it had been previously handed down from generation to generation.
 
 
2.
To provide a witness in the people's daily lives.
II.
NATURE & CONTENT OF THE BOOK.
  A. ITS NAME.
    1.
The original heading found in the Hebrew translation was taken from the book's first Hebrew word: B'reshith.
    2.
Our English title Genesis is taken from the Greek word chosen for its heading by the Septuagint translators.
 
B.
ITS NATURE.
 
 
1.
Given Moses as author, it cannot be said for certain God did not directly reveal to him this historicity of beginnings since on other occasions other holy men were inspired to write dictation received directly from God or His messenger. (See Ex.17:14; 34:27; Nu.5:23; 17:2; De.6:9; 17:18; 27:3,8; 31:19 where God directly commands Moses to write, or have written a record. Also see other examples: Isa.8:1; 30:8; Jer.30:2; 36:2,17-18,28; Ez.24:2; 37:16; 43:11; Hab.2:2; Jn.1:45; 20:31; I Co.14:37; II Co.13:2-3,10; II Ti.3:16; II Pe.1:20-21; 3:1-2; I Jn.2:7-8; II Jn.12; Rev.1:11,19; 2:1,8,12,18; 3:1,7,12,14; 10:4; 14:13; 19:9; 21:5.)
 
 
2.
Regardless whether one holds the view it was written by direct dictation, or using extant sources for compilation and further elaboration, we do know that it is inspired in either case, as attested to by more than one New Testament figure and writer. (Examples: Jn.1:45; Rom.4:3; Gal.3:7-8; 4:30; Js.2:23; II Pe.1:20-21; II Tim.3:16.)
 
C.
ITS MAIN LESSON.
 
 
1.
All men are sinful because of Adam and stand in need of a sacrifice for rebirth to return to God.
 
 
2.
God reveals Himself to man and makes a covenant with him for future blessing and restoration. God did not reveal His full name (Jehovah) & nature from Adam to Moses, though He spoke with early man (Ex.6:3). Imagine that man lived 1000's of years without knowing who God was, and mainly that not many sought to know Him. How heartbreaking this must have been (Gen.6:6). Is it any wonder He showed great displeasure at all mankind, but, great pleasure when He found just one who did seek Him? (Gen.5:24) How rare! And what a tragedy echoed in Christ's day, Jn.1:10-13. Study this truth in context with Christ revealing Himself to Nathanael (Jn.1:45-51), but withholding Himself from those of Jn.2:23-25.
 
D.
ITS CONTENT.
 
 
1.
Discoveries and studies have led both Hebrew & Christian scholars to believe there were originally 11 tablets, with more than one possible earlier unknown author, later compiled by Moses into one book with further elaboration.
 
 
2.
Due primarily to ancient writing styles, debate still exists as to the beginning and endings of these 11 divisions. The following is offered merely as a representative:

TABLET # 1
=
Creation Hymn (Origins of Creation)
1:1
--
2:3
TABLET # 2
=
The Generations of the Heavens & Earth
2:4
--
4:26
TABLET # 3
=
The Book of the Generations of Adam
5:1
--
6:8
TABLET # 4
=
The Generations of Noah
6:9
--
9:29
TABLET # 5
=
The Generations of the Sons of Noah
10:1
--
11:9
TABLET # 6
=
The Generations of Shem
11:10
--
11:26
TABLET # 7
=
The Generations of Terah
11:27
--
25:11
TABLET # 8
=
The Generations of Ishmael
25:12
--
25:18
TABLET # 9
=
The Generations of Isaac
25:19
--
35:29
TABLET # 10
=
The Generations of Esau
36:1
--
36:43
TABLET # 11
=
The Generations of Jacob
37:2
--
50:26


III.
OUTLINE.
 
A.
BASIC DIVISIONS.
 
 
1.
  2  Chapters Pertain To Creation:
  9  give some basic beginnings information.
39  tell of the early origin of a chosen nation.
50  CHAPTERS TOTAL.
 
 
2.
Basic Outline:

Origin Of Universe & All Living Things.
1:1
--
2:25
(The One True God. Col.1:16; Jn.1:1-5)
Fall Of Man.
3:1
--
3:24
(Ro.5:12-21; I Co.15,21-22,45-58)
The Beginnings Of Early Man.
4:1
--
11:32
(Adam to Abram)
The Beginnings of A Chosen Nation.
12:1
--
37:2
(Abram to Joseph)
The Life Of Joseph.
37:3
--
50:26

 
 
3.
The Book closes with Joseph & family returning to Egypt after burying their father Jacob in Machpeleh.
 
 
4.
430 years pass before Exodus 1.
 
B.
A WORKING OUTLINE.

1.   THE RECORD OF CREATION.    1:1 - 2:4
Man's Universe
1:1
--
1:25
Man in Eden
1:26
--
2:25
2.   THE RECORD OF EARLY MAN.    3:1 - 11:32
From Adam to Noah
3:1
--
5:27
From Noah to Sons (Shem, Ham, Japeth)
5:28
--
9:29
From Noah's Sons to Terah
10:1
--
11:26
From Terah to Abram (Abraham)
11:27
--
11:32
3.   THE RECORD OF A COVENANT PEOPLE.* 12- 50
From Abraham to Isaac
12:1
--
25:11
(Generations of Ishmael)
25:12
--
25:18
From Isaac to Jacob
25:19
--
35:29
(Generations of Esau)
36:1
--
36:43
From Jacob to Joseph
37:1
--
49:33
Joseph's Remaining Life in Egypt
50:1
--
50:26

* For expanded information, see study: A Chronology of the Lives of Israel's Early Fathers.


View a Summary of Genesis